Research Article
Trend in Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Students at Oda Bultum University: A 5-year Retrospective Study
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
42-49
Received:
9 August 2024
Accepted:
3 September 2024
Published:
26 September 2024
Abstract: Background: The impact of intestinal parasitic infections is not limited to morbidity and mortality, but also extends to impaired cognitive abilities and intellectual deficits in students. However, no known programmed control or prevention interventions are available for university students in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine trends in intestinal parasitic infections among students at Oda Bultum University. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among students suspected of having intestinal parasitic infections between 2019 and 2023. The Kobo Toolbox was used to collect complete age, sex, and stool examination data from the Oda Bultum University Student Clinic Laboratory Registration Book. SPSS version 25.0 was used for the data analysis. Results: The overall five-year prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among university students was 1036/1902 (54.5% [CI = 52.2-56.7%]). Of the nine different parasites reported, E. histolytica/dispar (24.3%) was the most common, followed by G. lamblia (13.9%) and, among the helminths, A. lumbricoides (9.8%). The prevalence trends over five years were inconsistent. In contrast, the number of seasonal parasitic infections consistently increased from spring (44.9%) to summer (67.7%). Conclusion: The five-year prevalence in the present study was high (54.5%), with an inconsistent trend and consistent seasonal prevalence. There is a need to develop intervention strategies, including health education and regular deworming for the university community. Regular screening of food handlers in student cafeterias is recommended.
Abstract: Background: The impact of intestinal parasitic infections is not limited to morbidity and mortality, but also extends to impaired cognitive abilities and intellectual deficits in students. However, no known programmed control or prevention interventions are available for university students in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this...
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Review Article
Impact of Surgical Technique on Reducing the Incidence of Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
50-66
Received:
27 August 2024
Accepted:
21 September 2024
Published:
30 September 2024
Abstract: Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), a complication frequently encountered following pancreaticoduodenectomy. Pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) and pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) are the most frequently utilized reconstructive strategies with different anastomosis techniques. This study was conducted to evaluate the optimal surgical technique to prevent POPF. Methods: The study was conducted using PRISMA guidelines with PROSPERO registration No. CRD42023494393. Patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy includes the use of PJ or PG with different anastomoses techniques and developed POPF were included. We conducted a systematic literature review from January 2019 to December 2023 using a comprehensive search strategy, through Web of Science, ProQuest, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. Meta-analysis was utilized to analyze the outcomes. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Eighteen studies with 3343 patients who underwent various anastomoses (including the Modified DuVal, Heidelberg PJ, and Blumgart methods) were included. Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) occurred in 27% of patients. Techniques such as modified Heidelberg, Peng, shark mouth PJ, and Kiguchi PJ were associated with lower POPF rates, whereas modified and classical Blumgart techniques exhibited higher rates. While mortality rates varied among surgical techniques, overall mortality was low. Conclusions: Data from this study can be used to shape future studies and direct physicians to develop strategies to reduce the risk of POPF and thereby reduce morbidity and mortality, leading to improved patient outcomes. Furthermore, this data can inform clinical decision-making and guide the development of evidence-based practice guidelines to optimize surgical outcomes.
Abstract: Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), a complication frequently encountered following pancreaticoduodenectomy. Pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) and pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) are the most frequently utilized reconstructive strategies with different anastomosis techniques. This study was conducted to evaluate the optimal surgical techniqu...
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Eyasu Bamlaku Golla
